Research on the Spatial Patterns of Ecological Civilization in the New Era

Taking the reshaping of spatial patterns as a focal point to resolve modern ecological dilemmas, this work aims to transcend the ecological predicament of capitalist spatial production and promote the formation of a new pattern of modernization characterized by the harmonious development of humanity and nature. Looking back at history, the Marxist ecological perspective contains forward-looking reflections on spatial issues, providing a scientific worldview and methodology for constructing a spatial pattern for ecological civilization in the New Era. Since the 18th National Congress ^[1], the Chinese Communists have explicitly designated the optimization of the spatial pattern of national territory as a vital task for promoting ecological civilization construction, putting forward the general requirement to strive toward forming a spatial pattern that conserves resources and protects the environment. The construction of a spatial pattern for ecological civilization in the New Era emphasizes a comprehensive examination of the symbiotic structure and cross-operational mechanisms of the "social-economic-natural complex ecosystem," while balancing the basic elements, key links, subjective reliance, and practical themes of spatial patterns. Surveying the current status and trends in the development and utilization of national territorial space, it is imperative to undertake all-around transformations at the conceptual, technological, and institutional levels, exerting every effort to create a spatial pattern where production spaces are intensive and efficient, living spaces are livable and moderate, and ecological spaces possess clear waters and green mountains ^[2].

Author Profile

Liu Yan (born 1981) holds a PhD and is an Associate Research Fellow at the Institute of Marxism Studies of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS). Her primary research direction is Marxism and ecological civilization. She currently leads one General Project of the National Social Science Fund of China, has completed one General Program (Second Class) of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, and one Jiangxi Provincial Education Science Planning Project, while participating in numerous national and provincial-level research projects. She has published over 20 academic papers in journals such as Marxism & Reality, Journal of the Party School of the Central Committee of the CPC, Foreign Theoretical Trends, Theoretical Vision, Guizhou Social Sciences, Yunnan Social Sciences, Hubei Social Sciences, and Qinghai Social Sciences.

Table of Contents

Preface

Chapter One: The Practical Focus of Constructing a Spatial Pattern for Ecological Civilization in the New Era I. Spatial Patterns: The Carrier Form for Realizing Ecological Civilization Strategy (1) Spatial Concepts and Methods Embedded in Ecological Civilization Construction (2) The Discursive Emergence of the New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (3) The Inevitable Logic of Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern II. The Emergence Process of the Strategy for Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Early Explorations of Green Undertakings and the Germination of Spatial Patterns (2) Environmental Protection and the Elemental Exploration of Spatial Patterns (3) Sustainable Development and the Non-Equilibrium Development of Spatial Patterns (4) The Scientific Outlook on Development ^[3] and the General Strategy for Promoting Coordinated Spatial Pattern Development (5) Ecological Civilization and the Systematic Deployment of Spatial Patterns III. The Grave Situation in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) The Practical State of Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (2) Practical Challenges in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (3) Developmental Cruxes in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern

Chapter Two: The Theoretical Foundations of Constructing a Spatial Pattern for Ecological Civilization in the New Era I. The Developmental Thread of Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern Theory (1) Theoretical Explorations of Marx and Engels on the Spatial Dimension of Ecological Issues (2) Theoretical Explorations of Soviet Marxists on the Spatial Dimension of Ecological Issues (3) Theoretical Explorations of Neo-Marxists on the Spatial Dimension of Ecological Issues (4) Theoretical Explorations of Chinese Communists on the Spatial Dimension of Ecological Issues II. The Main Content of Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern Theory (1) Ideas on the Forms of Existence of Spatial Patterns (2) Ideas on the Constitutive Mechanisms of Spatial Patterns (3) Ideas on the Construction Paths of Spatial Patterns III. Essential Characteristics of Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern Theory (1) The Holistic Nature of Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern Theory (2) The Openness of Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern Theory (3) The Practicality of Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern Theory

Chapter Three: Historical Reflections on Constructing a Spatial Pattern for Ecological Civilization in the New Era I. Spatial Patterns in Pre-Capitalist Societies (1) The Evolution of Spatial Patterns in Pre-Capitalist Societies (2) Manifestations of Spontaneity in Pre-Capitalist Spatial Patterns (3) Spontaneous Consequences of Pre-Capitalist Spatial Patterns II. Spatial Patterns in Capitalist Society (1) The Evolution of Spatial Patterns in Capitalist Society (2) Manifestations of Alienation in Capitalist Spatial Patterns (3) Consequences of Alienation in Capitalist Spatial Patterns III. An Epochal Examination of Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Stage Positioning for Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (2) Epochal Textures of Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (3) Practical Intent of Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern IV. Spatial Patterns in Communist Society (1) Conditions for the Generation of Communist Spatial Patterns (2) Characteristics of Subjective Consciousness in Communist Spatial Patterns (3) Visionary Prospects for Communist Spatial Patterns

Chapter Four: The Systematic Construction of a Spatial Pattern for Ecological Civilization in the New Era I. Basic Links in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Drawing the Blueprint for Spatial Planning (2) Advancing Spatial Governance through Synergy (3) Systematic Optimization of Spatial Structures II. Basic Elements of Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Evaluative Criteria for Reshaping Spatial Patterns (2) Basic Principles for Reshaping Spatial Patterns (3) Thinking and Methods for Reshaping Spatial Patterns (4) Strategic Fulcrums for Reshaping Spatial Patterns (5) The Beautiful Vision of Reshaping Spatial Patterns III. Subjective Reliance in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Taking the People's Needs for a Better Life as the Powerful Driving Force (2) Taking Harmonious Coexistence between Humanity and Nature as the Value Pursuit (3) Taking Full Participation as the Source of Strength IV. Practical Themes in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Fully Implementing the Major Function-Oriented Zone Strategy to Promote Ecological Civilization Construction (2) Reconstructing the System of Natural Protected Areas to Promote Ecological Civilization Construction (3) Optimizing Regional Development Patterns to Promote Ecological Civilization Construction (4) Coordinating Urban and Rural Development Patterns to Promote Ecological Civilization Construction (5) Optimizing Marine Spatial Development Patterns to Promote Ecological Civilization Construction

Chapter Five: The Functional Structure and Target Mechanisms of the New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern I. Functional Perspective on the Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Functional Composition and Evolutionary Thread of the Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (2) Functional Mechanisms of the Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (3) Important Principles for Improving the Functional Structure of the Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern II. Promoting Intensive and Efficient Production Space (1) Basic Stipulations of Production Space (2) Strategic Goals for Promoting Intensive and Efficient Production Space (3) Strategic Significance of Promoting Intensive and Efficient Production Space III. Promoting Livable and Moderate Living Space (1) Basic Stipulations of Living Space (2) Strategic Goals for Promoting Livable and Moderate Living Space (3) Strategic Significance of Promoting Livable and Moderate Living Space IV. Promoting Ecological Space with Clear Waters and Green Mountains (1) Basic Stipulations of Ecological Space (2) Strategic Goals for Promoting Ecological Space with Clear Waters and Green Mountains (3) Strategic Significance of Promoting Ecological Space with Clear Waters and Green Mountains

Chapter Six: Optimization Choices for the New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern I. Conceptual Choices in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Developmental Direction of Ecological Civilization Concepts (2) Developmental Principles for Ecological Civilization Concepts (3) Construction of the Conceptual System of Ecological Civilization II. Technological Paths in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Developmental Direction of Green Technology (2) Developmental Principles for Green Technology (3) Construction of the Green Technological System III. Institutional Choices in Constructing a New Era Ecological Civilization Spatial Pattern (1) Developmental Direction of the Ecological Civilization System (2) Developmental Principles for the Ecological Civilization System (3) Construction of the Institutional System of Ecological Civilization